Enhanced Electron Pairing in a Lattice of Berry Phase Molecules

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that electron hopping in a lattice of Berry phase molecules induces natural pairing, with potential implications for molecular superconductors like fullerides.

Contribution

It introduces a novel lattice model where Berry phase effects lead to strong electron pairing, supported by numerical and mean-field analyses.

Findings

Strong pairing observed in 1D chain models

Pairing explained via exchange of orbital excitations

Berry phase degeneracy enhances pairing

Abstract

We show that electron hopping in a lattice of molecules possessing a Berry phase naturally leads to pairing. Our building block is a simple molecular site model inspired by C$_{60}$, but realized in closer similarity with Na$_3$. In the resulting model electron hopping must be accompanied by orbital operators, whose function is to switch on and off the Berry phase as the electron number changes. The effective hamiltonians (electron-rotor and electron-pseudospin) obtained in this way are then shown to exhibit a strong pairing phenomenon, by means of 1D linear chain case studies. This emerges naturally from numerical studies of small $N$-site rings, as well as from a BCS-like mean-field theory formulation. The pairing may be explained as resulting from the exchange of singlet pairs of orbital excitations, and is intimately connected with the extra degeneracy implied by the Berry phase when the electron number is odd. The relevance of this model to fullerides, to other molecular superconductors, as well as to present and future experiments, is discussed.