Theoretical Study of Friction: A Case of One-Dimensional Clean Surfaces

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new theoretical method to evaluate friction in 1D clean surfaces, revealing how static and kinetic friction depend on velocity and phase transitions, with implications for impurity effects and charge-density-wave pinning.

Contribution

It proposes a novel theoretical approach to analyze frictional forces in 1D models, highlighting phase transitions and the influence of interface randomness.

Findings

Frictional force depends on velocity, weakening as static friction increases.

A phase transition exists between zero and finite static friction states.

Weak velocity dependence of kinetic friction in certain limits.

Abstract

A new method has been proposed to evaluate the frictional force in the stationary state. This method is applied to the 1-dimensional model of clean surfaces. The kinetic frictional force is seen to depend on velocity in general, but the dependence becomes weaker as the maximum static frictional force increases and in the limiting case the kinetic friction gets only weakly dependent on velocity as described by one of the laws of friction. It is also shown that there is a phase transition between state with vanishing maximum static frictional force and that with finite one. The role of randomness at the interface and the relation to the impurity pinning of the sliding Charge-Density-Wave are discussed. to appear in Phys.Rev.B. abstract only. Full text is available upon request. E-mail: hiro@ena.wani.osaka-u.ac.jp.