Phase Separation of Bismuth Ferrite into Magnetite under Voltage Stressing
X. J. Lou, C. X. Yang, M. Zhang, and J. F. Scott

TL;DR
This study demonstrates that applying a high voltage stress to thin-film bismuth ferrite causes it to separate into magnetite, providing insights into its magnetic properties and phase stability under electrical stress.
Contribution
It reveals that voltage stressing induces phase separation of BiFeO3 into magnetite, clarifying magnetic behavior and resolving previous controversies.
Findings
BiFeO3 separates into magnetite under voltage stress
No spectroscopic evidence of other iron oxide phases
Supports the link between voltage stress and magnetic properties
Abstract
Micro-Raman studies show that under ~700 kV/cm of d.c. voltage stressing for a few seconds, thin-film bismuth ferrite BiFeO3 phase separates into magnetite Fe3O4. No evidence is found spectroscopically of hemite alpha-Fe2O3, maghemite gamma-Fe2O3, or of Bi2O3. This relates to the controversy regarding the magnitude of magnetization in BiFeO3.
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