Electronic Charge Order in the Pseudogap State of $Bi_2 Sr_2 Ca Cu_2 O_{8+\delta}$

TL;DR

This study uses scanning tunneling microscopy to investigate the static electronic charge order in the pseudogap state of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ, revealing its development in inhomogeneous regions and coexistence with superconductivity.

Contribution

It demonstrates the presence and stabilization of static charge order in the pseudogap state, highlighting its relation to inhomogeneity and potential coexistence with superconductivity.

Findings

Static charge order develops in inhomogeneous pseudogap regions.

Charge order is weak in homogeneous pseudogap regions.

Charge order likely coexists with superconductivity below Tc.

Abstract

Scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy is used to examine the $4a$$\times$$4a$ electronic charge order (CO) in the pseudogap (PG) state above {\it T}$_{\rm c}$ on Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8+\delta}$. It is demonstrated that the static CO develops markedly in the inhomogeneous PG state, while it is very weak in the homogeneous PG state. We suggest that this static CO, which is considered to be stabilized by the pinning of the dynamically fluctuating CO, will remain below {\it T}$_{\rm c}$, together with the inhomogeneous gap structure, and coexist with the superconductivity.