Room-Temperature Quantum Hall Effect in Graphene

TL;DR

This paper reports the observation of the quantum Hall effect in graphene at room temperature, which could revolutionize quantum resistance standards and broaden practical applications of quantum phenomena.

Contribution

It demonstrates the occurrence of the quantum Hall effect in graphene at room temperature, a significant breakthrough over previous temperature limitations.

Findings

Quantum Hall effect observed at room temperature in graphene

Potential for widespread use of quantum resistance standards

Advancement in understanding quantum phenomena at macroscopic scales

Abstract

The quantum Hall effect (QHE), one example of a quantum phenomenon that occur on a truly macroscopic scale, has been attracting intense interest since its discovery in 1980 and has helped elucidate many important aspects of quantum physics. It has also led to the establishment of a new metrological standard, the resistance quantum. Disappointingly, however, the QHE could only have been observed at liquid-helium temperatures. Here, we show that in graphene - a single atomic layer of carbon - the QHE can reliably be measured even at room temperature, which is not only surprising and inspirational but also promises QHE resistance standards becoming available to a broader community, outside a few national institutions.