Nano Ferrites Microwave Complex Permeability and Permittivity Measurements by T/R Technique in Waveguide

TL;DR

This paper introduces a microwave waveguide measurement method using T/R technique to accurately determine the complex permeability and permittivity of nano-sized ferrite powders in the 3.95-5.85 GHz range, enhancing reliability over traditional methods.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel waveguide measurement technique employing T/R method and calibration for nano ferrites, improving accuracy in complex permeability and permittivity measurements.

Findings

Measured dielectric permittivity varies significantly from solid state materials.

The technique provides more reliable permeability and permittivity data.

Nano ferrites show distinct electromagnetic properties in the microwave range.

Abstract

There is a huge demand to accurately determine the magneto-electrical properties of particles in the nano sized regime due to the modern IC technology revolution and biomedical application science. In this paper, we present a microwave waveguide measurement technique for complex permeability and permittivity of expensive nano sized magnetic powder materials. In the measurement process, Agilents 8510C vector network analyzer was used to have a standard TRL calibration for free space inside the waveguides. In order to maintain the recommended insertion phase range, a very thin prepared sample was loaded inside the calibrated waveguide. Also, the loaded materials magnetic and dielectric effects were considered into the cutoff wavelength of the propagation constant of the TE10 wave from the geometrical dimensions of the waveguides. This makes the measured permeability and permittivity more reliable than commonly used techniques. The six different compounds of nano sized ferrite powders (Fe3O4, CuFe2O4, CuFe2O4Zn, Fe2NiO3Zn, BaFe12O19, and SrFe12O19), in which the average diameter of nano particles is less than 40nm were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Inc for measurement purposes employing this technique. For industrial benefits, we present the complex permeability and permittivity on the frequency range from 3.95GHz to 5.85GHz. The measured results showed that the dielectric permittivity of these materials is quite different from those of solid state materials. Index Terms, Nano ferrites, waveguide technique, permeability, permittivity.