Barrier crossing driven by Levy noise: Universality and the Role of Noise Intensity

TL;DR

This paper investigates how Levy noise influences barrier crossing in different potentials, revealing a universal algebraic escape time dependence at low noise and a transition to exponential behavior as noise intensity varies.

Contribution

It demonstrates the universality of the algebraic escape time dependence across potentials and elucidates the role of Levy noise index and intensity in escape dynamics.

Findings

Escape time scales algebraically with noise intensity for 0<α<2

Transition to exponential escape time at α=2

Escape time distribution decays exponentially

Abstract

We study the barrier crossing of a particle driven by white symmetric Levy noise of index $\alpha$ and intensity $DD for three different generic types of potentials: (a) a bistable potential; (b) a metastable potential; and (c) a truncated harmonic potential. For the low noise intensity regime we recover the previously proposed algebraic dependence on $D$ of the characteristic escape time, $T_{\mathrm{esc}}\simeq C(\alpha)/D^{\mu(\alpha)}$, where $C(\alpha)$ is a coefficient. It is shown that the exponent $\mu(\alpha)$ remains approximately constant, $\mu\approx 1$ for $0<\alpha<2$; at $\alpha=2$ the power-law form of $T_{\mathrm{esc}}$ changes into the known exponential dependence on 1/D; it exhibits a divergence-like behavior as $\alpha$ approaches 2. In this regime we observe a monotonous increase of the escape time $T_{\mathrm{esc}}$ with increasing $\alpha$ (keeping the noise intensity $D$ constant). The probability density of the escape time decays exponentially. In addition, for low noise intensities the escape times correspond to barrier crossing by multiple Levy steps. For high noise intensities, the escape time curves collapse for all values of $\alpha$. At intermediate noise intensities, the escape time exhibits non-monotonic dependence on the index $\alpha$, while still retaining the exponential form of the escape time density.