Hydrodynamic simulations of metal ablation by femtosecond laser irradiation

TL;DR

This paper investigates metal ablation by femtosecond laser pulses through experiments and 1D hydrodynamic simulations, emphasizing the role of electron-ion temperature decoupling and electronic heat transfer in accurately modeling ablation rates.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed comparison between experimental ablation data and hydrodynamic simulations incorporating the two-temperature model for femtosecond laser-metal interactions.

Findings

Good agreement between experimental and simulated ablation depths.

Electronic thermal conduction significantly influences material expansion.

Solid-to-vapor evolution is crucial for accurate modeling.

Abstract

Ablation of Cu and Al targets has been performed with 170 fs laser pulses in the intensity range of 10^12-10^14 W/cm^2. We compare the measured removal depth with 1D hydrodynamic simulations. The electron-ion temperature decoupling is taken into account using the standard "two-temperature model". The influence of the early heat transfer by electronic thermal conduction on hydrodynamic material expansion and mechanical behavior is investigated. A good agreement between experimental and numerical matter ablation rates shows the importance of including solid-to-vapor evolution of the metal in the current modeling of the laser matter interaction.