Using modified Gaussian distribution to study the physical properties of one and two-component ultracold atoms

TL;DR

This paper introduces a modified Gaussian distribution to better analyze the physical properties of one- and two-component ultracold atoms, especially under strong nonlinear effects and phase separation conditions.

Contribution

The paper proposes a modified Gaussian distribution that improves analysis of nonlinear and phase-separated ultracold atomic systems compared to traditional methods.

Findings

Modified Gaussian effectively models large nonlinear effects.

Significant change in breathing modes at phase separation.

Results align with existing numerical studies.

Abstract

Gaussian distribution is commonly used as a good approximation to study the trapped one-component Bose-condensed atoms with relatively small nonlinear effect. It is not adequate in dealing with the one-component system of large nonlinear effect, nor the two-component system where phase separation exists. We propose a modified Gaussian distribution which is more effective when dealing with the one-component system with relatively large nonlinear terms as well as the two-component system. The modified Gaussian is also used to study the breathing modes of the two-component system, which shows a drastic change in the mode dispersion at the occurrence of the phase separation. The results obtained are in agreement with other numerical results.