Resonant effects in a voltage-activated channel gating

TL;DR

This paper models the hysteresis in voltage-activated ion channels using a simple two-state model, revealing resonant effects like synchronization and stochastic resonance through stochastic dynamics analysis.

Contribution

It introduces a minimal phenomenological model capturing resonant effects in channel gating hysteresis, linking conformational changes to stochastic resonance phenomena.

Findings

Model exhibits resonant activation and stochastic resonance.

Analysis of gating trajectories reveals synchronization effects.

Hysteresis behavior explained by conformational state dynamics.

Abstract

The non-selective voltage activated cation channel from the human red cells, which is activated at depolarizing potentials, has been shown to exhibit counter-clockwise gating hysteresis. We have analyzed the phenomenon with the simplest possible phenomenological models by assuming $2\times 2$ discrete states, i.e. two normal open/closed states with two different states of ``gate tension.'' Rates of transitions between the two branches of the hysteresis curve have been modeled with single-barrier kinetics by introducing a real-valued ``reaction coordinate'' parameterizing the protein's conformational change. When described in terms of the effective potential with cyclic variations of the control parameter (an activating voltage), this model exhibits typical ``resonant effects'': synchronization, resonant activation and stochastic resonance. Occurrence of the phenomena is investigated by running the stochastic dynamics of the model and analyzing statistical properties of gating trajectories.