Spontaneous symmetry breaking in a system of strongly interacting multicomponent fermions (electrons with spin and conducting nanotubes)

TL;DR

This paper investigates the ground state properties of strongly interacting multicomponent fermions, revealing spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking and formation of multi-particle complexes, with implications for systems like electrons with spin and nanotubes.

Contribution

It provides a theoretical analysis of symmetry breaking and complex formation in multicomponent fermion systems under strong interactions.

Findings

Spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking in the ground state.

Formation of multi-particle complexes depending on fermion components.

In the two-component case, complexes consist of four particles with opposite spins.

Abstract

We have calculated the ground state wave functions for a systems of multicomponent interacting fermions. We show that it describes the state with spontaneously broken chiral symmetry. In the limit of an infinitely strong interaction it turns into a phase with a finite density of chiral complexes. The number of particles constituting a complex depends on the number of fermion components. For example, in the case of two component electrons (spin) the condensate is built of four-particle complexes consisting of two "right" electrons and two "left" holes with the opposite spins.