Asymmetric matter-wave solitons at nonlinear interfaces

TL;DR

This paper predicts and analyzes the properties of asymmetric matter-wave solitons at nonlinear interfaces in Bose-Einstein condensates, highlighting their stability and complex structures like vortices and dipoles.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of strongly asymmetric surface solitons at nonlinear interfaces and demonstrates their potential stability in Bose-Einstein condensates.

Findings

Asymmetric solitons form at nonlinear interfaces in BECs.

High particle numbers lead to significant asymmetry.

Certain asymmetric solitons can be dynamically stable.

Abstract

We predict the existence and study the basic properties of strongly asymmetric matter wave solitons that form at the interface produced by regions with different inter-atomic interaction strengths in pancake Bose-Einstein condensates. We address several types of surface solitons featuring topologically complex structures, including vortex and dipole-mode solitons. We found that the soliton become significantly asymmetric for high number of particles in the condensate. Yet, we reveal that under suitable conditions, that we elucidate, even such strongly asymmetric dipole and vortex solitons can be dynamically stable over wide regions of their existence domains.