Vortex lattices in Bose-Einstein condensates with Dipolar Interactions Beyond the Weak Interaction Limit

TL;DR

This paper explores the diverse vortex lattice structures in rotating dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates, mapping their phase diagram and analyzing the stability of supersolid phases, advancing understanding of dipolar quantum fluids.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive numerical analysis of vortex lattice phases and phase transitions in dipolar BECs, including stability of supersolid states, beyond weak interaction regimes.

Findings

Identification of various vortex lattice symmetries including triangular, square, stripe, and bubble crystals.

Phase diagram mapping as a function of dipolar to contact interaction ratio and chemical potential.

Analysis of stability conditions for supersolid phases in dipolar Bose gases.

Abstract

We study the ground states of rotating atomic Bose-Einstein condensates with dipolar interactions. We present the results of numerical studies on a periodic geometry which show vortex lattice ground states of various symmetries: triangular and square vortex lattices, "stripe crystal" and "bubble crystal". We present the phase diagram (for systems with a large number of vortices) as a function of the ratio of dipolar to contact interactions and of the chemical potential. We discuss the experimental requirements for observing transitions between vortex lattice groundstates via dipolar interactions. We finally investigate the stability of mean-field supersolid phases of a quasi-2D non-rotating Bose gas with dipolar interactions.