Equation of State for Supercooled Water Near the Liquid-Liquid Critical Point

TL;DR

This paper introduces a universal scaled parametric equation of state for supercooled water, accurately locating the Widom line and critical pressure, and classifies it within the Ising-model universality class.

Contribution

It presents a novel, universal equation of state for supercooled water based on scaling theory, linking thermodynamic properties to the Ising model universality class.

Findings

Accurately locates the Widom line in supercooled water.

Determines the critical pressure to be lower than previous simulations.

Establishes the universality of the equation of state for supercooled water.

Abstract

We have developed a scaled parametric equation of state to describe and predict thermodynamic properties of supercooled water. The equation of state, built on the growing evidence that the critical point of supercooled liquid-liquid water separation exists, is universal in terms of theoretical scaling fields and is shown to belong to the Ising-model class of universality. The theoretical scaling fields are postulated to be analytical combinations of the physical fields, pressure and temperature. The equation of state enables us to accurately locate the "Widom line" (the locus of stability minima) and determine that the critical pressure is considerably lower than predicted by computer simulations.