Three-boson recombination at ultralow temperatures

TL;DR

This paper develops a theoretical model for three-boson recombination rates at ultralow temperatures, accurately matching experimental data for cesium atoms and revealing temperature-dependent shifts in resonance behavior.

Contribution

It introduces a formula incorporating trimer continuum resonances for finite energies, enhancing understanding of three-body recombination in Bose gases at ultra-low temperatures.

Findings

Good quantitative agreement with cesium experimental data

Resonance peak shifts to lower |a| with increasing temperature

Recombination rate saturation observed at higher temperatures

Abstract

The effects of trimer continuum resonances are considered in the three-body recombination rate of a Bose system at finite energies for large and negative two-body scattering lengths ($a$). The thermal average of the rate allows to apply our formula to Bose gases at ultra-low temperatures. We found a good quantitative description of the experimental three-body recombination length of cesium atoms to deeply bound molecules up to 500 nK. Consistent with the experimental data, the increase of the temperature moves the resonance peak of the three-body recombination rate to lower values of $|a|$ exhibiting a saturation behavior.