Granular circulation in a cylindrical pan: simulations of reversing radial and tangential flows

TL;DR

This study uses simulations to analyze granular flow in a vibrating cylindrical pan, revealing flow reversals and phase transitions influenced by control parameters and boundary geometry.

Contribution

It extends previous experimental findings by numerically exploring flow reversals and phase diagrams in granular circulation within a vibrating pan.

Findings

Flow transitions from solid-like to fluidized states with circulatory flows

Circulation directions reverse depending on control parameters

A simple model explains the solid-fluid transition and flow reversals

Abstract

Granular flows due to simultaneous vertical and horizontal excitations of a flat-bottomed cylindrical pan are investigated using event-driven molecular dynamics simulations. In agreement with recent experimental results, we observe a transition from a solid-like state, to a fluidized state in which circulatory flow occurs simultaneously in the radial and tangential directions. By going beyond the range of conditions explored experimentally, we find that each of these circulations reverse their direction as a function of the control parameters of the motion. We numerically evaluate the dynamical phase diagram for this system and show, using a simple model, that the solid-fluid transition can be understood in terms of a critical value of the radial acceleration of the pan bottom; and that the circulation reversals are controlled by the phase shift relating the horizontal and vertical components of the vibrations. We also discuss the crucial role played by the geometry of the boundary conditions, and point out a relationship of the circulation observed here and the flows generated in vibratory conveyors.