The Resolution of the Diamond Problem After 200 Years: Phonon, Roton and Magnon Induced Spin-Orbital Dynamics, Subshell Rehybridization and Shell Rotation for the Little Effect

TL;DR

This paper explores the longstanding diamond problem by introducing the Little Effect, a quantum phenomenon involving multi-spin dynamics that explains diamond synthesis and related physicochemical processes.

Contribution

It presents the Little Effect as a novel quantum mechanism for resolving the diamond problem, linking spin-orbital dynamics with diamond formation and properties.

Findings

Experimental evidence supports the Little Effect's role in spin-orbital interactions.

The Little Effect offers a new perspective on diamond synthesis mechanisms.

Comparison with traditional theories highlights the novelty of the approach.

Abstract

The problem of the physicochemical synthesis of diamond spans more than 200 years, involving many giants of science. Many technologies have been discovered, realized and used to resolve this diamond problem. Here the origin, definition and cause of the diamond problem are presented. The Resolution of the diamond problem is then discussed on the basis of the Little Effect, involving novel roton-phonon driven (antisymmetrical) multi-spin induced orbital orientation, subshell rehybridization and valence shell rotation of radical complexes in quantum fluids under magnetization across thermal, pressure, compositional, and spinor gradients in both space and time. Some experimental evidence of this magnetic quantum Resolution is briefly reviewed and integrated with this recent fruitful discovery. Furthermore, the implications of the Little Effect in comparison to the Woodward-Hoffman Rule are considered. The distinction of the Little Effect from the prior radical pair effect is clarified. The better compatibility of radicals, dangling bonds and magnetism with the diamond lattice relative to the graphitic lattice is discussed. Finally, these novel physicochemical phenomena for the Little Effect are compared with the natural diamond genesis.