The role of the electromagnetic field in the formation of domains in the process of symmetry breaking phase transitions

TL;DR

This paper explores how electromagnetic fields influence the formation of domains during symmetry-breaking phase transitions in quantum field theory, focusing on the emergence of stable, extended regions with non-zero order parameters.

Contribution

It introduces a novel analysis of electromagnetic field effects on domain formation and stability during non-equilibrium symmetry-breaking phase transitions.

Findings

Electromagnetic modes can induce phase locking in matter components.

Extended domains with non-zero order parameters can form without explicit Lagrangian terms.

Implications for defect formation in complex quantum systems.

Abstract

In the framework of quantum field theory we discuss the emergence of a phase locking among the electromagnetic modes and the matter components on an extended space-time region. We discuss the formation of extended domains exhibiting in their fundamental states non-vanishing order parameters, whose existence is not included in the Lagrangian. Our discussion is motivated by the interest in the study of the general problem of the stability of mesoscopic and macroscopic complex systems arising from fluctuating quantum components in connection with the problem of defect formation during the process of non-equilibrium symmetry breaking phase transitions characterized by an order parameter.