Interferences in the density of two initially independent Bose-Einstein condensates

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that two initially independent Bose-Einstein condensates can develop interference patterns over time due to interparticle interactions, with exact expressions provided in the weak interaction limit.

Contribution

It introduces a many-body theoretical framework to describe interference phenomena in overlapping Bose-Einstein condensates, including explicit density expressions in the weak interaction regime.

Findings

Interference patterns emerge in overlapping condensates over time.

Explicit density formulas are derived for weak interactions.

The theory accurately predicts interference in the weak interaction limit.

Abstract

It is shown that the density of two {\it initially independent} condensates which are allowed to expand and overlap can show interferences as a function of time due to interparticle interaction. Using many-body theory, explicit expressions for the density are given which are exact in the weak interaction limit. General working equations are discussed which reproduce exactly the density in this limit. Illustrative examples are presented.