Strongly correlated 2D quantum phases with cold polar molecules: controlling the shape of the interaction potential

TL;DR

This paper explores methods to manipulate long-range interactions in 2D polar molecule gases, enabling the engineering of novel strongly correlated quantum phases such as crystalline states and superfluid-crystal transitions.

Contribution

It introduces techniques for tuning interaction potentials via field dressing, facilitating the creation of new quantum phases in low-dimensional systems.

Findings

Demonstrates control over interaction shape in 2D polar molecules.

Proposes realization of crystalline and superfluid phases.

Analyzes phase transition between superfluid and crystal states.

Abstract

We discuss techniques to tune and shape the long-range part of the interaction potentials in quantum gases of polar molecules by dressing rotational excitations with static and microwave fields. This provides a novel tool towards engineering strongly correlated quantum phases in combination with low dimensional trapping geometries. As an illustration, we discuss a 2D crystalline phase, and a superfluid-crystal quantum phase transition.