Dissipation-managed soliton in a quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate

TL;DR

This paper investigates how a dissipation-managed bright soliton can be stabilized in a quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate by balancing atom loss with external feeding, supported by analytical and numerical methods.

Contribution

It introduces a method to stabilize BEC solitons through dissipation management and external atom feeding, validated by analytical perturbation and mean-field simulations.

Findings

Dissipation causes BEC soliton decay due to three-body recombination.

External atom feeding can compensate dissipation, stabilizing the soliton.

Analytical and numerical results are in excellent agreement.

Abstract

We use the time-dependent mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii equation to study the formation of a dynamically-stabilized dissipation-managed bright soliton in a quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). Because of three-body recombination of bosonic atoms to molecules, atoms are lost (dissipated) from a BEC. Such dissipation leads to the decay of a BEC soliton. We demonstrate by a perturbation procedure that an alimentation of atoms from an external source to the BEC may compensate for the dissipation loss and lead to a dynamically-stabilized soliton. The result of the analytical perturbation method is in excellent agreement with mean-field numerics. It seems possible to obtain such a dynamically-stabilized BEC soliton without dissipation in laboratory.