On the connected-charges Thomson problem

TL;DR

This paper explores how linear connectivity among charges alters their arrangements on a sphere, revealing helical symmetry patterns instead of traditional hexagonal packing, with implications for viral and macroion structures.

Contribution

It introduces a new charge configuration pattern with helical symmetry resulting from linear connectivity, differing from classical packing arrangements.

Findings

Charges form helical patterns on the sphere surface.

Connectivity modifies the classical Thomson problem configurations.

Potential applications in viral packing and macroion adsorption theories.

Abstract

We investigate the modifications brought about by the linear connectivity among charges in the classical Thomson problem. Instead of packing with local hexagonal order intersperced with topological defects, we find charge distributions with helical symmetry wound around the surface of the sphere. This finding should have repercussions in the viral packing and macroion adsorption theories.