Path-integral analysis of fluctuation theorems for general Langevin processes

TL;DR

This paper analyzes fluctuation theorems in Langevin dynamics, distinguishing effects of non-conservative forces and external parameter variations, resulting in two distinct theorems for different nonequilibrium scenarios.

Contribution

It provides a unified framework for understanding fluctuation theorems in Langevin processes, explicitly separating the roles of non-conservative forces and external parameter changes.

Findings

Two distinct fluctuation theorems are derived.

Clarification of the roles of non-conservative forces and external driving.

Framework applicable to various Langevin systems.

Abstract

We examine classical, transient fluctuation theorems within the unifying framework of Langevin dynamics. We explicitly distinguish between the effects of non-conservative forces that violate detailed balance, and non-autonomous dynamics arising from the variation of an external parameter. When both these sources of nonequilibrium behavior are present, there naturally arise two distinct fluctuation theorems.