Asymmetric Zero-Bias Anomaly for Strongly Interacting Electrons in One Dimension

TL;DR

This paper investigates the tunneling density of states in strongly interacting one-dimensional electrons, revealing an asymmetric zero-bias anomaly influenced by temperature and spin exchange interactions.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of the asymmetric zero-bias anomaly in the density of states for strongly interacting 1D electrons beyond traditional Tomonaga-Luttinger theory.

Findings

Density of states exhibits an asymmetric peak near the Fermi level.

In the spin-incoherent regime, the density of states follows a power law with asymmetry.

At low temperatures, the density of states forms a split peak with shifted spectral weight.

Abstract

We study a system of one-dimensional electrons in the regime of strong repulsive interactions, where the spin exchange coupling J is small compared with the Fermi energy, and the conventional Tomonaga-Luttinger theory does not apply. We show that the tunneling density of states has a form of an asymmetric peak centered near the Fermi level. In the spin-incoherent regime, where the temperature is large compared to J, the density of states falls off as a power law of energy \epsilon measured from the Fermi level, with the prefactor at positive energies being twice as large as that at the negative ones. In contrast, at temperatures below J the density of states forms a split peak with most of the weight shifted to negative \epsilon.