Observation of emergent photon in Monte Carlo simulation of exciton condensate

TL;DR

This paper reports Monte Carlo simulation evidence for an emergent photon as a gapless collective excitation in a fractionalized exciton condensate, revealing a meta-stable Coulomb phase and exploring coexistence with spiral order.

Contribution

It demonstrates the emergence of a photon in a fractionalized exciton condensate model through Monte Carlo simulation, highlighting a novel Coulomb phase and coexistence with spiral order.

Findings

Evidence for an emergent photon as a gapless mode

Identification of a meta-stable Coulomb phase

Coexistence of fractionalization and spiral order

Abstract

Using Monte Carlo simulation, we studied fractionalized phases in a model of exciton bose condensate and found evidence for an emergent photon in a finite size system. The fractionalized phase is a meta-stable Coulomb phase where an emergent photon arises as a gapless collective excitation of the excitons. We also studied a possibility of spiral* phase where fractionalization and long range spiral order of the exciton condensate coexist.