Time evolution and matter wave interference in Fermi condensates

TL;DR

This paper explores matter wave interference and the dynamics of Fermi condensates with s-wave and p-wave pairing, revealing phase-dependent interference patterns and anisotropic expansion behaviors.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of interference effects in Fermi condensates, highlighting differences between s-wave and p-wave pairing and their impact on observable interference patterns.

Findings

Interference patterns depend on the relative phase in s-wave systems.

In p-wave systems, interference exhibits polarization effects based on order parameter orientation.

p-wave condensates show anisotropic expansion reflecting interaction anisotropy.

Abstract

We discuss matter wave interference of Fermi condensates in strongly coupled s-wave and p-wave channels and the time evolution of a single cloud upon release from trap. In s-wave systems, where the order parameter is a complex scalar, we find that the interference patterns depend on the relative phase of the order parameters of the condensates. In p-wave systems involving the mixture of two-hyperfine states, we show that the interference pattern exhibits a polarization effect depending on the relative orientation of the two vector order parameters. However, in p-wave systems involving a single hyperfine state, we show that this angular effect reduces to an overall phase difference between the two interfering clouds, similar to s-wave. Lastly, we also point out that p-wave Fermi condensates exhibit an anisotropic expansion, reflecting the spatial anisotropy of the underlying interaction between fermions and the orbital nature of the vector order parameter.