Coherent Tunneling in Exciton Condensates of Bilayer Quantum Hall Systems

TL;DR

This paper develops a theory for interlayer tunneling in bilayer quantum Hall systems with exciton condensates, explaining the enhanced conductance peak at zero bias and proposing an experimental setup for observing a true Josephson effect.

Contribution

The paper introduces a new theoretical framework for understanding interlayer tunneling in coherent exciton condensates, distinguishing it from conventional Josephson effects.

Findings

Zero-bias conductance peak is strongly enhanced but finite at zero temperature.

Conductance peak height varies with interlayer distance, matching experimental data.

Proposes an experimental setup to observe a true Josephson effect in bilayer quantum Hall systems.

Abstract

Due to strong interlayer correlations, the bilayer quantum Hall system is a single coherent system as a whole rather than a weakly-coupled set of two independent systems, which makes conventional tunnelling theories inapplicable. In this paper, we develop a theory of interlayer tunnelling in coherent exciton condensates of bilayer quantum Hall systems at total filling factor $\nu_T=1$. One of the most important consequences of our theory is that the zero-bias interlayer tunnelling conductance peak is strongly enhanced, but fundamentally finite even at zero temperature. We explicitly compute the height of the conductance peak as a function of interlayer distance, which is compared with experiment. It is emphasized that the interlayer distance dependence of the conductance peak is one of the key properties distinguishing between the spontaneous coherence due to many-body effects of the Coulomb interaction and the induced coherence due to the single-particle tunnelling gap. It is also emphasized that, though the strongly enhanced tunnelling conductance originates from the interlayer phase coherence, it is not the usual Josephson effect. We propose an experimental setup for the true Josephson effect in couterflowing current measurements for a coupled set of two bilayer quantum Hall systems, which is a more precise analogy with the real Josephson effect in superconductivity.