Phase diagrams of one-dimensional Bose-Fermi mixtures of ultra-cold atoms

TL;DR

This paper explores the quantum phase diagrams of one-dimensional ultracold Bose-Fermi mixtures, revealing various phases and proposing a polaron-based Luttinger liquid framework, with implications for experimental realization.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive phase diagram analysis of 1D Bose-Fermi mixtures and proposes a novel polaron-based Luttinger liquid description of the system.

Findings

Identification of charge/spin density waves, pairing, phase separation, and Wigner crystal phases.

Proposal of a polaron-based Luttinger liquid framework.

Discussion of gapped phases at special fillings and experimental implications.

Abstract

We study the quantum phase diagrams of Bose-Fermi mixtures of ultracold atoms confined to one dimension in an optical lattice. For systems with incommensurate densities, various quantum phases, e.g. charge/spin density waves, pairing, phase separation, and the Wigner crystal, are found to be dominant in different parameter regimes within a bosonization approach. The structure of the phase diagram leads us to propose that the system is best understood as a Luttinger liquid of polarons (i.e. atoms of one species surrounded by screening clouds of the other species). Special fillings, half-filling for fermions and unit filling for bosons, and the resulting gapped phases are also discussed, as well as the properties of the polarons and the experimental realization of these phases.