Observation of Strong Quantum Depletion in a Gaseous Bose-Einstein Condensate
K. Xu, Y. Liu, D.E. Miller, J.K. Chin, W. Setiawan, W. Ketterle
TL;DR
This paper reports the direct observation of strong quantum depletion in a Bose-Einstein condensate, enhanced by an optical lattice, with results aligning semi-quantitatively with Bogoliubov theory.
Contribution
It demonstrates the first direct measurement of quantum depletion exceeding 50% in a gaseous Bose-Einstein condensate using optical lattice techniques.
Findings
Quantum depletion observed as diffuse background in images
Depleted fraction exceeds 50%
Results agree semi-quantitatively with Bogoliubov theory
Abstract
We studied quantum depletion in a gaseous Bose-Einstein condensate. An optical lattice enhanced the atomic interactions and modified the dispersion relation resulting in strong quantum depletion. The depleted fraction was directly observed as a diffuse background in the time-of-flight images. Bogoliubov theory provided a semi-quantitative description for our observations of depleted fractions in excess of 50%.
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