Flow of foam past an elliptical obstacle

TL;DR

This study examines how a two-dimensional foam flows around an elliptical obstacle, measuring forces and proposing a new microscopic visco-elasto-plastic model to explain the complex behavior observed.

Contribution

It introduces a microscopic visco-elasto-plastic model that qualitatively matches experimental data on foam flow around an elliptical obstacle.

Findings

Drag increases with the obstacle's spanwise dimension.

Lift has a maximum near 45° but occurs slightly earlier.

Torque peaks at approximately 26°, indicating complex force interactions.

Abstract

To investigate the link between discrete, small-scale and continuous, large scale mechanical properties of a foam, we observe its two-dimensional flow in a channel, around an elliptical obstacle. We measure the drag, lift and torque acting on the ellipse {\it versus} the angle between its major axis and the flow direction. The drag increases with the spanwise dimension, in marked contrast with a square obstacle. The lift passes through a smooth extremum at an angle close to, but smaller than 45$^\circ$. The torque peaks at a significantly smaller angle, 26$^\circ$. No existing model can reproduce the observed viscous, elastic, plastic behavior. We propose a microscopic visco-elasto-plastic model which agrees qualitatively with the data.