Sensing electric and magnetic fields with Bose-Einstein Condensates

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the use of Bose-Einstein condensates as highly sensitive sensors for electric and magnetic fields, achieving micron-scale spatial resolution and mapping capabilities with potential for further sensitivity improvements.

Contribution

It introduces a novel application of BECs as field sensors, including experimental demonstrations of magnetic field mapping and current-density reconstruction.

Findings

Achieved magnetic field sensitivity of ~10e-14eV at 3 micron resolution.

Successfully mapped 2D magnetic fields 10 micron above a wire.

Outlined potential improvements using Feshbach resonances.

Abstract

We discuss the application of Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) as sensors for magnetic and electric fields. In an experimental demonstration we have brought one-dimensional BECs close to micro-fabricated wires on an atom chip and thereby reached a sensitivity to potential variations of ~10e-14eV at 3 micron spatial resolution. We demonstrate the versatility of this sensor by measuring a two-dimensional magnetic field map 10 micron above a 100-micron-wide wire. We show how the transverse current-density component inside the wire can be reconstructed from such maps. The field sensitivity in dependence on the spatial resolution is discussed and further improvements utilizing Feshbach resonances are outlined.