Periodic Modulation Effect on Self-Trapping of Two weakly coupled Bose-Einstein Condensates

TL;DR

This paper investigates how periodic modulation influences self-trapping in two weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates, revealing control mechanisms, resonance effects, and quantum fluctuations through analytical and theoretical analysis.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive phase space analysis of self-trapping, derives analytic expressions for transition parameters under modulation, and explores resonance and quantum fluctuation effects.

Findings

Periodic modulation can control self-trapping transition parameters.

Resonance between modulation and nonlinear Rabi oscillation affects tunneling.

Quantum fluctuations influence the stability of self-trapping.

Abstract

With phase space analysis approach, we investigate thoroughly the self-trapping phenomenon for two weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) in a symmetric double-well potential. We identify two kinds of self-trapping by their different relative phase behavior. With applying a periodic modulation on the energy bias of the system we find the occurrence of the self-trapping can be controlled, saying, the transition parameters can be adjusted effectively by the periodic modulation. Analytic expressions for the dependence of the transition parameters on the modulation parameters are derived for high and low frequency modulations. For an intermediate frequency modulation, we find the resonance between the periodic modulation and nonlinear Rabi oscillation dramatically affects the tunnelling dynamics and demonstrate many novel phenomena. Finally, we study the effects of many-body quantum fluctuation on self-trapping and discuss the possible experimental realization of the model.