Vortex description of the fractionalized phase in exciton bose condensate

TL;DR

This paper provides a vortex-based theoretical description of the fractionalized phase in exciton Bose condensates, identifying magnetic flux lines and monopoles within an emergent U(1) gauge framework.

Contribution

It introduces a vortex description of the fractionalized phase, linking vortices and monopoles to magnetic flux and monopoles in an emergent gauge theory.

Findings

Vortex/anti-vortex pairs correspond to magnetic flux lines.

Recombination points of vortices represent magnetic monopoles.

Completes the magnetic sector of low energy excitations.

Abstract

As a sequel to the previous work [Phys. Rev. B 72, 235104 (2005)] we present a vortex description of the fractionalized phase in exciton bose condensate. Magnetic flux line and monopole of the 3+1D emergent U(1) gauge theory are identified in the exciton picture. A bundle of vortex/anti-vortex pairs of all flavors of excitons corresponds to the magnetic flux line and a point at which the vortices and anti-vortices recombine is identified as magnetic monopole. This completes the magnetic sector of the low energy excitation in the fractionalized phase.