Vortices in a rotating BEC under extreme elongation

TL;DR

This paper studies vortices in a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate under extreme elongation, revealing how vortex lattice structures change with interaction strength and confinement, and identifying two distinct symmetry classes.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of vortex lattice configurations in elongated rotating BECs using the lowest Landau level approximation, highlighting two symmetry classes and their independent evolution.

Findings

Vortex lattice structures depend on interaction strength and confinement ratio.

Two symmetry classes of vortex lattices are identified.

Vortex configurations evolve independently as parameters change.

Abstract

We investigate a non-axisymmetric rotating BEC in a limit of rotation frequency for which the BEC transforms into a quasi-one-dimensional system. We compute the vortex lattice wavefunction by minimizing the Gross-Pitaevskii energy functional in the lowest Landau level approximation for different confinement potentials. The condensate typically presents a changing number of vortex rows as a function of the interaction strength or rotation-confinement ratio. More specifically, the vortex lattices can be classified into two classes according to their symmetry with respect to the longitudinal axis. These two classes correspond to different local minima of the energy functional and evolve independently as a function of the various parameters.