Green functions for nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor hopping on the Bethe lattice

TL;DR

This paper derives the local Green function for particles with nearest and next-nearest neighbor hopping on the Bethe lattice, revealing spectral asymmetries and singularities, using perturbation, path integral, and topological methods.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive approach combining perturbation, path integral, and topological methods to analyze Green functions with complex hopping on the Bethe lattice, including next-nearest neighbor effects.

Findings

Hopping to next-nearest neighbors causes spectral asymmetry.

The spectrum exhibits additional van-Hove singularities.

The methods extend to finite connectivity cases.

Abstract

We calculate the local Green function for a quantum-mechanical particle with hopping between nearest and next-nearest neighbors on the Bethe lattice, where the on-site energies may alternate on sublattices. For infinite connectivity the renormalized perturbation expansion is carried out by counting all non-self-intersecting paths, leading to an implicit equation for the local Green function. By integrating out branches of the Bethe lattice the same equation is obtained from a path integral approach for the partition function. This also provides the local Green function for finite connectivity. Finally, a recently developed topological approach is extended to derive an operator identity which maps the problem onto the case of only nearest-neighbor hopping. We find in particular that hopping between next-nearest neighbors leads to an asymmetric spectrum with additional van-Hove singularities.