Spin-charge separation in cold Fermi-gases: a real time analysis

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates real-time spin-charge separation in 1D cold Fermi gases using advanced numerical methods, showing its robustness beyond traditional theories and providing experimental estimates for observation.

Contribution

The study applies the adaptive time-dependent density-matrix renormalization group to observe spin-charge separation in real-time, extending understanding beyond low-energy theories.

Findings

Spin-charge separation observed in real-time simulations.

Robustness of separation beyond Luttinger liquid theory.

Quantitative estimates for experimental detection.

Abstract

Using the adaptive time-dependent density-matrix renormalization group method for the 1D Hubbard model, the splitting of local perturbations into separate wave packets carrying charge and spin is observed in real-time. We show the robustness of this separation beyond the low-energy Luttinger liquid theory by studying the time-evolution of single particle excitations and density wave packets. A striking signature of spin-charge separation is found in 1D cold Fermi gases in a harmonic trap at the boundary between liquid and Mott-insulating phases. We give quantitative estimates for an experimental observation of spin-charge separation in an array of atomic wires.