Dynamics of Nonground-State Bose-Einstein Condensates

TL;DR

This paper explores the dynamics of nonground-state Bose-Einstein condensates, focusing on how transitions between different modes affect entanglement, revealing complex behaviors beyond the standard condensate.

Contribution

It introduces the study of dynamical transitions in nonground-state condensates and their impact on entanglement, expanding understanding of coherent mode interactions.

Findings

Transition between mode-locked and mode-unlocked regimes affects entanglement production

Higher energy modes can be generated via resonant alternating fields

Nonground-state condensates exhibit nontrivial dynamical effects

Abstract

Dilute Bose gases, cooled down to low temperatures below the Bose-Einstein condensation temperature, form coherent ensembles described by the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Stationary solutions to the latter are topological coherent modes. The ground state, corresponding to the lowest energy level, defines the standard Bose-Einstein condensate, while the states with higher energy levels represent nonground-state condensates. The higher modes can be generated by alternating fields, whose frequencies are in resonance with the associated transition frequencies. The condensate with topological coherent modes exhibits a variety of nontrivial effects. Here it is demonstrated that the dynamical transition between the mode-locked and mode-unlocked regimes is accompanied by noticeable changes in the evolutional entanglement production.