Spin gap antiferromagnets: materials and phenomena

TL;DR

This paper reviews various spin gap antiferromagnets, emphasizing their quantum mechanical origin, models, and experimental realizations, with a focus on exactly-solvable models and rigorous theories explaining their unique phenomena.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of spin gap antiferromagnets, highlighting the role of exactly-solvable models and rigorous theories in understanding their properties.

Findings

Different types of spin gap antiferromagnets are classified.

Models explaining the physical properties of SG systems are discussed.

Experimental realizations of spin gap antiferromagnets are summarized.

Abstract

There are several interacting spin systems which have a gap in their spin excitation spectrum. The gap does not occur due to anisotropies present in the system but is quantum mechanical in origin. We give a brief overview on the different types of spin gap (SG) antiferromagnets, the models proposed to describe their physical properties and experimental realizations of such systems. Our special focus is on exactly-solvable models and rigorous theories which provide the correct physical picture for the novel phenomena exhibited by SG systems