Solitary wave complexes in two-component mixture condensates

TL;DR

This paper explores various types of axisymmetric solitary waves in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates, analyzing their properties, interactions, and stability through solutions of coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations.

Contribution

It introduces new families of solitary wave complexes in two-component condensates and analyzes their behavior across different interaction strengths.

Findings

Multiple families of solitary waves identified, including vortex rings and rarefaction waves.

Continuous families of solitary waves mapped in momentum-energy space.

Discussion on stability and formation of solitary waves in two-dimensional systems.

Abstract

Axisymmetric three-dimensional solitary waves in uniform two-component mixture Bose-Einstein condensates are obtained as solutions of the coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations with equal intracomponent but varying intercomponent interaction strengths. Several families of solitary wave complexes are found: (1) vortex rings of various radii in each of the components, (2) a vortex ring in one component coupled to a rarefaction solitary wave of the other component, (3) two coupled rarefaction waves, (4) either a vortex ring or a rarefaction pulse coupled to a localised disturbance of a very low momentum. The continuous families of such waves are shown in the momentum-energy plane for various values of the interaction strengths and the relative differences between the chemical potentials of two components. Solitary wave formation, their stability and solitary wave complexes in two-dimensions are discussed.