Bosonization of dimerized Hubbard chains

TL;DR

This paper examines the role of Klein factors in the bosonization of dimerized Hubbard chains, providing a new approach that accounts for their number-changing properties within the self-consistent harmonic approximation.

Contribution

It introduces a novel method to treat Klein factors without replacing them by Majorana fermions in the bosonization of the dimerized Hubbard model.

Findings

Klein factors' number-changing property is crucial for accurate bosonization.

The method applies to both finite systems and the thermodynamic limit.

Improves understanding of bosonization in dimerized systems.

Abstract

The role of Klein factors is investigated for the bosonized Hamiltonian of the dimerized Hubbard model. Contrary to previous approaches we take into account their number changing property, i.e. we do not replace them by Majorana fermions. We show how to treat Klein factors in the framework of the self-consistent harmonic approximation, both for finite systems and in the thermodynamic limit.