Vortex matter in the charged Bose liquid at absolute zero

TL;DR

This paper analyzes vortex structures in a charged Bose liquid at absolute zero, revealing unique properties such as charge-modulated vortices and the absence of an upper critical magnetic field, with implications for phase transitions in paired fermion systems.

Contribution

It provides a theoretical solution for vortex behavior in a charged Bose liquid under magnetic fields, highlighting charge modulation and the lack of a critical field at zero temperature.

Findings

Vortex lattice exhibits local charge neutrality breaking.

Vortex core size decreases with increasing magnetic field.

No upper critical magnetic field exists at zero temperature.

Abstract

The Gross-Pitaevskii-type equation is solved for the charge Bose liquid in the external magnetic field at zero temperature. There is a vortex lattice with locally broken charge neutrality. The boson density is modulated in real space and each vortex is charged. Remarkably, there is no upper critical field at zero temperature, so the density of single flux-quantum vortices monotonously increases with the magnetic field up to B=infinity and no indication of a phase transition. The size of each vortex core decreases as about 1/sqrt(B) keeping the system globally charge neutral. If bosons are composed of two fermions, a phase transition to a spin-polarized Fermi liquid at some magnetic field larger than the pair-breaking field is predicted.