Quantum theory of vortex lattice state in a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate

TL;DR

This paper develops a quantum theoretical framework for vortex lattice states in rotating Bose-Einstein condensates, revealing how external rotation influences vortex behavior and phase states.

Contribution

It introduces a quantum theory describing vortex lattice states, including elastic and plastic phases, and explains how the rotational field can cancel Magnus effects.

Findings

Vector potential tuning cancels Magnus field effects.

Vortex lattice exhibits elastic and plastic states.

Phase transition controlled by filling fraction.

Abstract

We study system of large number of singly quantized vortices in a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate. Analogous to the Meissner effect in superconductors, we show that the vector potential due to the external rotational field can be tuned to cancel the vector potential due to the Magnus field, resulting in a zero average angular momentum and a shear modulus of the vortex lattice. The vortex lattice state exhibits two states, namely, an elastic state and a plastic state. A clear distinction between these states is controlled by the filling fraction, which is the ratio of the number of bosons to the average number of vortices.