Low-temperature crossover in the momentum distribution of cold atomic gases in one dimension

TL;DR

This paper investigates how the momentum distribution of strongly interacting two-component 1D cold atomic gases changes at low temperatures, revealing a unique crossover phenomenon absent in single-component systems.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of a low-temperature crossover in the momentum distribution specific to two-component 1D gases with strong interactions.

Findings

Reconstruction of momentum distribution at a new temperature scale

Identification of a temperature-dependent crossover phenomenon

Estimation of experimental parameters for observing the effect

Abstract

The momentum distribution function for the two-component 1D gases of bosons and fermions is studied in the limit of strong interatomic repulsion. A pronounced reconstruction of the distribution is found at a temperature much smaller than the Fermi temperature. This new temperature scale, which equals the Fermi temperature divided by the dimensionless coupling strength, is a feature of the two-component model and does not exist in the one-component case. We estimate the parameters relevant for the experimental observation of the crossover effect.