Domain Walls of Single-Component Bose-Einstein Condensates in External Potentials

TL;DR

This paper explores the creation and stabilization of domain walls in single-component Bose-Einstein condensates using external potentials, revealing stable configurations like twisted walls and asymmetric solitons.

Contribution

It demonstrates the stabilization of domain walls in Bose-Einstein condensates with optical lattices and external traps, including novel stable twisted and asymmetric solutions.

Findings

Extended domain walls are initially unstable.

External magnetic traps can stabilize domain walls.

Stable solutions include twisted and asymmetric solitons.

Abstract

We demonstrate the possibility of creating domain walls described by a single component Gross-Pitaevskii equation with attractive interaction, in the presence of an optical-lattice potential. While it is found that the extended domain wall is unstable, we show that the external magnetic trap can stabilize it. Stable solutions include twisted domain walls, as well as asymmetric solitons. The results also apply to spatial solitons in planar waveguides with transverse modulation of the refractive index.