Dielectric and Pyroelectric Properties of Thick Film Ferromagnetic - Piezoelectric Structures

TL;DR

This study investigates the dielectric and pyroelectric properties of multilayer ferromagnetic-piezoelectric composites, revealing varied pyroelectric responses depending on material combinations and proposing a model to explain these behaviors.

Contribution

It provides experimental data on pyroelectric effects in various ferromagnetic-PZT multilayers and introduces a model to understand the observed differences in pyroelectric behavior.

Findings

Most structures showed pyroelectric current with varying coefficients.

NFO1-PZT had pyroelectric coefficients from 0.01 to 10 nC/(cm^2 K).

LFM-PZT and CFO-PZT showed large thermal currents but weak pyroelectric effects.

Abstract

Layered ferromagnetic-piezoelectric composites show mechanical strain mediated electromagnetic coupling. Here we discuss dielectric and piezoelectric properties of ferrite-lead zirconate titanate (PZT) and lanthanum manganite-PZT samples. Results of our investigations on dielectric and pyroelectric properties of multilayer ferromagnetic-piezoelectric are presented here. Lead zircinate-titanate PbZrxTi1-xO3 (PZT) was used for the piezoelectric phase in all the structures. The following materials were used for the ferromagnetic component: nickel-zinc ferrites Ni0.9Zn 0.1Fe2O4 (NFO1) and Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 (NFO2), cobalt ferrite (CFO), lithium ferrite (LFO), lanthanum strontium manganite La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSM), and lanthanum-calcium manganite La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 (LCM). The pyroelectric effect was studied by measuring the current J flowing through a closed loop containing the sample and an electrometer as the sample temperature T was slowly varied at the rate 0.1 K/s. Polarized PZT layers generate a pyroelectric current as the temperature changes. The main indicator of pyroelectric nature of the current is the sign reversal when the thermal cycle is switched from heating to cooling. Almost all of the multilayer structures showed a pyroelectric current, but the pyroelectric coefficient varied in a wide range. (i) For NFO1-PZT system the coefficient was in the range 0.01 - 10 nC/(cm2 K), depending on the temperature. (ii) CFO-PZT and LFO-PZT structures showed a large thermal current and a weak pyroelectric effect. (iii) Thermal currents, however, were absent in LCM-PZT within the temperature range from the room temperature to 400 K. (iv) In LSM-PZT, the thermal current exceeded the pyroelectric current. A model is proposed for an understanding of these results.