Condensation Transitions in Nonequilibrium systems

TL;DR

This paper reviews condensation transitions in nonequilibrium systems where a conserved quantity spatially condenses, highlighting models like the Bus Route Model that illustrate clustering phenomena similar to Bose-Einstein condensation.

Contribution

It introduces and analyzes various nonequilibrium condensation transitions, providing insights into spatial condensation phenomena in one-dimensional driven systems.

Findings

Condensation occurs in systems with conserved quantities driven out of equilibrium.

The Bus Route Model demonstrates clustering analogous to Bose-Einstein condensation.

Spatial condensation can be understood through specific models and transitions.

Abstract

Systems driven out of equilibrium can often exhibit behaviour not seen in systems in thermal equilibrium- for example phase transitions in one-dimensional systems. In this talk I will review several `condensation' transitions that occur when a conserved quantity is driven through the system. Although the condensation is spatial, i.e. a finite fraction of the conserved quantity condenses into a small spatial region, useful comparison can be made with usual Bose-Einstein condensation. Amongst some one-dimensional examples I will discuss the `Bus Route Model' where the condensation corresponds to the clustering together of buses moving along a bus-route.