Antiferromagnetism and phase separation in the t-J model at low doping: a variational study

TL;DR

This study uses variational wave functions to analyze the t-J model, revealing antiferromagnetism and phase separation at low doping, which may influence stripe formation and vortex core properties in high-temperature cuprates.

Contribution

It provides a variational analysis of the t-J model showing antiferromagnetism and phase separation at low doping levels, relevant for understanding cuprate superconductors.

Findings

Antiferromagnetism appears at low doping.

Phase separation occurs in both superconducting and normal states.

Charge inhomogeneities may exist in vortex cores at higher doping.

Abstract

Using Gutzwiller-projected wave functions, I estimate the ground-state energy of the t-J model for several variational states relevant for high-temperature cuprate superconductors. The results indicate antiferromagnetism and phase separation at low doping both in the superconducting state and in the staggered-flux normal state proposed for the vortex cores. While phase separation in the underdoped superconducting state may be relevant for the stripe formation mechanism, the results for the normal state suggest that similar charge inhomogeneities may also appear in vortex cores up to relatively high doping values.