Possibility of f-wave spin-triplet superconductivity in the CoO superconductor: a case study on a 2D triangular lattice in the repulsive Hubbard model

TL;DR

This study explores the potential for f-wave spin-triplet superconductivity in a 2D triangular lattice Hubbard model, highlighting the importance of third-order vertex corrections in stabilizing this pairing state.

Contribution

It demonstrates that third-order perturbation theory reveals stable f-wave spin-triplet pairing in a triangular lattice Hubbard model, emphasizing the role of vertex corrections.

Findings

f-wave spin-triplet pairing is most stable over a range of parameters

Third-order vertex corrections are crucial for accurate transition temperature estimates

Conditions near van Hove singularities favor f-wave pairing

Abstract

Stimulated by the recent finding of Na$_{0.35}$CoO$_2$.1.3H$_2$O superconductor, we investigate superconducting instabilities on a 2D triangular lattice in the repulsive Hubbard model. Using the third-order perturbation expansion with respect to the on-site repulsion $U$, we evaluate the linearized Dyson-Gor'kov equation. We find that an $f$-wave spin-triplet pairing is the most stable in a wide range of the next nearest neighbor hopping integral $t'$ and an electron number density $n$. The introduction of $t'$ is crucial to adjust the van Hove singularities to the neighborhood of the Fermi surface crossing around K point. In this case, the bare spin susceptibility shows the broad peak around $\Gamma$ point. These conditions stabilize the $f$-wave pairing. Although the $f$-wave pairing is also given by the fluctuation-exchange approximation, the transition temperature is too low to be observed. This is because the depairing effect by the spin fluctuation is over-estimated. Thus, the third-order vertex corrections are important for the spin-triplet superconductivity, like the case in Sr$_2$RuO$_4$.