Tuning the interactions of spin-polarized fermions using quasi-one-dimensional confinement

TL;DR

This paper develops a multichannel scattering theory for ultracold spin-polarized fermions in quasi-1D traps, revealing tunable strong interactions and a mapping to bosonic systems, advancing control over quantum gases.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive multichannel scattering framework for quasi-1D fermions and demonstrates tunable interactions and a fermion-boson mapping in confined geometries.

Findings

Tightly confined fermions exhibit infinitely strong interactions at specific p-wave scattering volumes.

A mapping exists between strongly interacting quasi-1D fermions and weakly interacting 1D bosons.

The theory enables control over interaction strength in ultracold atomic gases.

Abstract

The behavior of ultracold atomic gases depends crucially on the two-body scattering properties of these systems. We develop a multichannel scattering theory for atom-atom collisions in quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) geometries such as atomic waveguides or highly elongated traps. We apply our general framework to the low energy scattering of two spin-polarized fermions and show that tightly-confined fermions have infinitely strong interactions at a particular value of the 3D, free-space p-wave scattering volume. Moreover, we describe a mapping of this strongly interacting system of two quasi-1D fermions to a weakly interacting system of two 1D bosons.