Three Dimensional Simulation of Jet Formation in Collapsing Condensates

TL;DR

This paper presents a comprehensive 3D simulation of collapsing Bose-Einstein condensates, accurately modeling jet formation and collapse dynamics, and compares results with experimental data to understand the underlying physics.

Contribution

It introduces a full 3D numerical solution of the GPE including three-body loss, fitting experimental data and analyzing jet formation sensitivity.

Findings

Determined the three-body loss rate consistent with experiments.

Achieved good agreement with observed jet formation.

Found limitations of GPE in describing burst atom dynamics.

Abstract

We numerically study the behavior of collapsing and exploding condensates using the parameters of the experiments by E.A. Donley et al. [Nature, 412, 295, (2001)]. Our studies are based on a full three-dimensional numerical solution of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) including three body loss. We determine the three body loss rate from the number of remnant condensate atoms and collapse times and obtain only one possible value which fits with the experimental results. We then study the formation of jet atoms by interrupting the collapse and find very good agreement with the experiment. Furthermore we investigate the sensitivity of the jets to the initial conditions. According to our analysis the dynamics of the burst atoms is not described by the GPE with three body loss incorporated.